TDIU: Total Disability Based on Individual Unemployability
How to qualify for 100% VA pay even if your combined rating is less than 100%.
Last updated August 2026. Source: VA.gov
What Is TDIU?
Total Disability based on Individual Unemployability (TDIU) is a VA benefit that pays veterans at the 100% disability rate even if their combined disability rating is less than 100%. TDIU is for veterans who cannot maintain substantially gainful employment because of their service-connected disabilities. TDIU pays the 100% rate, but it is not the same as a 100% schedular rating.
The VA schedules it automatically after you file a claim
It is free to you
It can be in-person at a VA facility or with a contracted provider, or by telehealth
The examiner writes a report for the VA rater — you do not get a copy automatically
Who Qualifies for TDIU?
There are two paths to TDIU: schedular TDIU for veterans meeting VA percentage requirements, and extraschedular TDIU for disabilities that uniquely prevent work.
The VA defines substantially gainful employment as work producing annual income above the federal poverty threshold. The VA also considers marginal work, sheltered employment, job loss, education, work history, and the nature of your disabilities.
How to Apply for TDIU
File VA Form 21-8940 and VA Form 21-4192 for each employer from the last five years. Include medical and vocational evidence, and consider working with a VSO because TDIU claims are complex.
What Happens After You Are Approved
You receive payment at the 100% rate. You may qualify for dependents’ education benefits and CHAMPVA, while the VA can schedule future exams to verify employment status.
The VA schedules it automatically after you file a claim
It is free to you
It can be in-person at a VA facility or with a contracted provider, or by telehealth
The examiner writes a report for the VA rater — you do not get a copy automatically
Can You Work While Receiving TDIU?
Marginal or sheltered employment may be allowed, but substantially gainful competitive work can lead to a proposed reduction. Answer annual employment questionnaires honestly.